Icyo uziga muri iyi nkuru:Imikorere ya silinda ya feri n'impinduka z'umuvuduko × ingano kuri SAE J1601, imigozi 7 ya GVWR ifite umurambararo ujyanye kuva kuri 3.5T kugeza kuri 40T, ibintu bine by'inyuma birenga umurambararo w'inyuma bigena ihumure n'umutekano w'umushoferi, amakosa 5 truck OEMs zikora buri gihe iyo zipima silinda ya feri, ibisabwa 6 byo gutanga igiciro cyo kugena umurambararo w'inyuma wa silinda ya feri mu itangwa rya OEM, icyemezo cya silinda ya feri ...guhitamo uburebure bw'umurambararo wa feri ya silinda y'icyuma gifata feriKu murongo w'ikamyo ya OEM iri mu bwoko bwa 7T-40T GVWR, iyi ni yo ngero y'ubuhanga ku cyemezo cy'ingano.
Inyandiko y'ukuri y'itangira ry'ikipe y'ubuhanga ya Shaoxing Fangjie:Icyemezo cyo gufata ingano ya silindiri ya feri ni ikosa rikunze kugaragara mu ikorwa ry'ikamyo ya OEM. Imbobo ntoya itera ECE R13-H kutubahiriza amategeko no gusubiza inyuma byihutirwa; imbobo nini cyane itera ibibazo by'abashoferi ku bijyanye n'uburyo bworoshye bwo guterura no guhagarara igihe kirekire. Icyemezo kigomba gufatwa hakurikijwe umugozi wa GVWR, ntabwo ari ukubera ibyo imodoka zikunda cyangwa uko ibiciro bihagaze. Dukora silindiri nini mu kigo cyacu cya Shaoxing zifite umurambararo wa silindiri kuva kuri 3/4″ kugeza kuri 1-1/4″ zikubiyemo ubwoko bwose bwa GVWR y'ikamyo, kandi dusangira ubu buyobozi bw'ingano ku mugaragaro kuko twifuza ko abakiriya bacu ba OEM bafata icyemezo gikwiye ku nshuro ya mbere - ntibamenye ikosa mu kizamini cyo kwemeza ubwoko. Igikurikiraho ni icyitegererezo cy'ubuhanga dusangira n'amatsinda y'abahanga ba OEM b'ikamyo ya Turukiya, Abahinde, Abanyaziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba, n'Abashinwa iyo babaza bati "ni iyihe myenda nkeneye ku ikamyo yanjye ya toni 7 / toni 12 / toni 18 / toni 26?"
Itsinda ryacu rimaze imyaka irenga 20 ritanga ibikoresho bya sisitemu ya feri y'amakamyo ku bacuruzi b'i Burayi, Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba, n'Uburasirazuba bwo Hagati kuva mu 2003. Dukorana buri munsi n'abakozi bacu barenga 100 n'itsinda ry'abacuruzi b'amahanga ry'abantu 10 kugira ngo dukora calipers za feri, slack adjusters, solenoid valves, na feri chambers. Mu myaka 5 ishize, twatanze silindari nini ku mirongo 12 ya OEM truck muri Turukiya, mu Buhinde, muri Vietnam no mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, kandi icyemezo cyo gupima silindari nini ni cyo cyifuzo cya tekiniki gikunze gukoreshwa n'aba bakiriya. Iyi nkuru ni inyigo y'ibanze yakuwe muri iyo mishinga 12 ya OEM.
1. Igihe ikamyo yoroheje yo muri Turukiya ya OEM ya toni 7 yananiwe kubahiriza ECE R13-H ku birebana n'imodoka idafite ubunini
Ikizamini cyo kwemeza ubwoko bwa ECE R13-H muri UTAC France (ikigo cy’Abafaransa gishinzwe kwemeza ubwoko bwacyo) cyakozwe mu Ukwakira 2024. Ikizamini cyarimo ikizamini cyo kwemeza ubushobozi bwa feri ikonje (ECE R13-H §5.2.2.5) ku bushyuhe bw’ikirere -10°C n’ikizamini cyo kwemeza ubushobozi bwa feri ikonje (ECE R13-H §5.2.2.6) nyuma yo gufunga feri. Ikizamini cyo gufunga feri ikonje cyarananiwe: silindari nkuru ntiyashoboraga kwimura amazi ahagije ya feri kugira ngo ikoreshe silindari zose z’amapine 4 mu gihe ntarengwa cyagenwe cya 75% by’urugendo ntarengwa rwa pedal. Umuvuduko w’umurongo ku rugendo rwa pedal rwa 75% wari 65 bar, uri munsi ya 80 bar nibura isabwa mu ikizamini cyo gufunga feri ikonje. Ikizamini cyo gufunga feri cyarananiwe kimwe: nyuma yo gufunga feri ikonje, ubushyuhe bwa feri bwageze kuri 120°C kandi umuvuduko w’umurongo waragabanutse ugera kuri 55 bar bitewe no kugabanuka kwa viscosity y’amazi.
Impamvu nyamukuru ni umuyoboro muto wa 5/8″. Umuyoboro wa 5/8″ utanga gusa ubuso bwa piston bwa 0.307 in² (198 mm²), aho kuri 7.200 kg GVWR itera amazi adahagije ku buryo bunyura kuri pedal stroke. Umuyoboro wa 7/8″ (ubunini bukwiye bwa 7T-12T GVWR kuri SAE J1601) utanga ubuso bwa piston bwa 0.601 in² (388 mm²), bungana na 96% by'ubuso bwa piston kandi bushobora kwimura amazi menshi ya 96% kuri pedal stroke. Itsinda ry'abahanga rya OEM ntiryavuguruye umurambararo w'umuyoboro ubwo bongeraga GVWR kuva kuri 5T ikagera kuri 7T, bakeka ko "ikamyo nini, sisitemu imwe ya feri" yakora. Igitekerezo cyari kibi.
Gutunganya byari: (1) gusimbuza silinda ya 5/8″ bore master silinda ya 7/8″ bore master silinda ya 7/8″ (Shaoxing Fangjie yatanze units 500 za silinda ya 7/8″ bore master mu byumweru 4), (2) kuvugurura inyandiko y’ibisobanuro bya silinda ya OEM kugira ngo ibe iy’ibanze kuri SAE J1601 yo guhitamo umurambararo wa bore kuri buri bande ya GVWR, (3) kongera kohereza ikizamini cyo kwemeza ubwoko bwa ECE R13-H hamwe na silinda nshya ya master, yatsindiwe muri Mutarama 2025. Igiciro cyose cyo gutunganya cyari hafi EUR 28.000 harimo gusimbuza silinda ya master, amafaranga yo kongera gupima, n’igihe cy’amezi 3 cy’umushinga. Isomo, nk’uko byavuzwe n’umuhanga mukuru wa OEM wo muri Turukiya: “ntituzongera gutekereza ko 'ikamyo nini, sisitemu imwe ya feri'. Umurambararo wa bore ugomba kuba ingano ikurikije bande ya GVWR, kandi amabwiriza ya SAE J1601 niyo referensi y’ubuhanga.”
Impamvu itsinda ryacu risangira ubu bushakashatsi ni uko ikosa rya OEM yo muri Turukiya ritari iry’umwihariko. Turabona ubu buryo busubiramo mu ikorwa ry’amakamyo ya OEM ku isi yose - umurambararo w’igare utoranywa hashingiwe ku bwoko bwabanje aho kuba GVWR iriho ubu, kandi igare rito rinanirwa ikizamini cyo kwemererwa ubwoko. Imirongo 7 ya GVWR, matrix y’ifatwa ry’umurambararo w’igare, n’ibisabwa 6 by’ipiganwa birasobanurwa birambuye hepfo kugira ngo bifashe amatsinda y’abahanga bo muri OEM kwirinda iri kosa.
2. Imikorere ya feri ya silinda nkuru: Ihindagurika ry'umuvuduko × Ingano kuri SAE J1601
Silindari ikomeye ya feri ni moteri y'umuvuduko wa hydraulic ihindura imbaraga za mekanike ziva kuri pedali ya feri (ifashijwe na vacuum booster) ikayihinduramo umuvuduko wa hydraulic ukoresha silindari z'amapine cyangwa caliper. Ibipimo ngenderwaho bya SAE J1601 (Silindari Nkuru — Sisitemu ya Feri ya Hydraulic y'imodoka) bigena ingano, imikorere, n'uburambe bw'ibisabwa kuri silindari nkuru zikoreshwa muri sisitemu ya feri ya hydraulic y'imodoka.
Imikorere ya silinda nkuru igengwa n'amahame 3 y'ibanze: (1) Kunganya umuvuduko — umuvuduko ukorwa na silinda nkuru ungana n'imbaraga za pedali zigabanyijwe n'agace ka piston, zikubye igipimo cy'umuvuduko n'igipimo cy'umuvuduko, (2) Guhindura ingano — ingano y'amazi ya feri yimuwe na silinda nkuru kuri pedali ingana n'agace ka piston inshuro piston ifata, (3) Itegeko rya Pascal — umuvuduko ukorwa kuri silinda nkuru ungana n'umuvuduko ku masilinda y'ibiziga (dufashe ko nta gitutu cyatakaye mu mirongo ya feri), hakuwemo igitutu gito giterwa no gukururana kw'umurongo n'ibipimo byo gushyiramo (ubusanzwe igitutu cya 2-5%).
Ihindagurika ry'igitutu × ingano ni cyo cyemezo cy'ingenzi cy'ubuhanga: (1) Umwanya munini w'umuvuduko = agace ka piston = kwimura amazi menshi kuri pedal stroke = gukanda gato k'umuvuduko gasabwa kugira ngo piston imwe igende neza, (2) Umwanya munini w'umuvuduko kandi = agace ka piston = igitutu gito gitangwa kuri pedal force = kumva pedal yoroshye kandi imbaraga nyinshi z'umuvuduko zisabwa. Ingaruka ebyiri zikora mu byerekezo bitandukanye: ingaruka z'ubwinshi zikunda pedal nini, ariko igitutu gikunda pedal nto. Imbobo nziza ni iyo iringaniza ingaruka zombi ku bijyanye na GVWR yihariye, pedal ratio, na booster ratio.
Isano y'imibare ni: Imbaraga z'amapine × Igipimo cy'amapine × Igipimo cy'umuvuduko = Umuvuduko w'umurongo × Ubuso bwa piston × Umubare wa silindiri y'amapine / Ubushobozi bwo gukamura. Ku buryo busanzwe bwo gukamura feri y'ikamyo ifite umuvuduko wa santimetero 7 (igipimo cy'umuvuduko 4:1), igipimo cy'amapine 4:1, na silindiri 4 z'amapine (cyangwa piston 4 za caliper), isano yoroshya: Imbaraga z'amapine × 16 = Umuvuduko w'umurongo × Ubuso bwa piston. Ku mbaraga z'amapine 250 N (imbaraga zisanzwe z'amaguru y'umushoferi kugira ngo afate feri ihoraho) na 80 bar (1,160 psi) umuvuduko w'umurongo w'icyerekezo, ubuso bwa piston bukenewe ni: 250 N × 16 / 80 bar = 50 mm² kuri buri ruziga, cyangwa 200 mm² kuri buri ruziga, cyangwa 200 mm² kuri buri ruziga. Umurambararo w'umuvuduko ujyanye ni sqrt (200 mm² / π × 4) ≈ 16 mm, ari na muto cyane. Igipimo cyo gukosora ni uko buri cylinder/caliper y'uruziga isanzwe ifite piston ebyiri (cyangwa piston imwe nini), bityo ibarwa rigomba kubarwa umubare wa cylinder y'uruziga. Ibarwa ryakosowe ritanga intera iri hagati ya 7/8″ na 1-1/4″ kuri 7T-40T GVWR. Amahitamo nyayo ya bore kuri GVWR kuri buri mpande 7 aboneka muri matrix y'imyandikire y'imirongo 7 iri hepfo.
3. Isuzuma ry'umurambararo w'imbobo: Imirongo 7 ya GVWR kuva kuri 3.5T kugeza kuri 40T
| # | Itsinda rya GVWR | Umurambararo w'imbobo (inchi / mm) —kuri SAE J1601 | Agace ka Piston | Ubwoko busanzwe bw'ikinyabiziga |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 3.5T-7.5T | 3/4″ (19.05 mm) | 0.442 in² (285 mm²) | Amakamyo yoroheje, amakamyo mato, imodoka zoroheje z'ubucuruzi |
| 2 | 7.5T-12T | 7/8″ (22.2 mm) | 0.601 in² (388 mm²) | Amakamyo aciriritse (Isuzu NPR, Hyundai Mighty, Fuso Canter) |
| 3 | 12T-18T | 1″ (25.4 mm) | 0.785 in² (507 mm²) | Amakamyo manini (akoreshwa mu gutwara abantu ku giciro kiringaniye) |
| 4 | 18T-26T | 1-1/8″ (28.6 mm) | 0.994 in² (641 mm²) | Amakamyo manini (imodoka zitwara imizigo mu karere, ubwubatsi) |
| 5 | 26T-40T | 1-1/4″ (31.75 mm) | 1.227 in² (792 mm²) | Amakamyo manini (amato maremare, ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro) |
| 6 | 40T-60T | 1-3/8″ (34.9 mm) | 1.485 in² (958 mm²) | Amakamyo maremare + amakaravani (B-double, gari ya moshi yo mu muhanda) |
| 7 | 60T+ | 1-1/2″ (38.1 mm) cyangwa nini | 1.767 in² (1140 mm²) | Amakamyo adasanzwe yo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro |
Imirongo 7 ya GVWR ihuye n'uburyo ibinyabiziga bishyirwa mu byiciro bisanzwe mu masoko y'amakamyo yo mu Burayi, Amerika ya Ruguru, na Aziya. Guhitamo umurambararo w'umuyoboro muri buri muyoboro bishingiye kuri: (1) kwimura amazi ahagije kugira ngo feri ikonje ikore neza kuri ECE R13-H §5.2.2.5, (2) igitutu gihagije cy'umurongo kugira ngo feri ishyuhe ikore neza kuri ECE R13-H §5.2.2.6 nyuma yo gufunga, (3) imbaraga z'umuyoboro mu ntera ya 200-350 N kugira ngo feri ikomeze (uburyo umushoferi amerewe neza), (4) icyuma gifunga kigera kuri 75% by'umupaka ntarengwa w'urugendo rw'umuyoboro kuri ECE R13-H §5.2.1.5 (kubahirizwa). Ibisabwa 4 bigomba kuzuzwa icyarimwe; umurambararo w'umuyoboro utoranywa kugira ngo uhuze ibisabwa byose 4.
Ku bijyanye no gukora amakamyo ya OEM, imigozi ikunze gukoreshwa cyane ya GVWR ni #2 (7.5T-12T) na #3 (12T-18T), ijyanye n'ibyiciro by'amakamyo yoroheje n'iciriritse asanzwe akoreshwa mu bucuruzi. Shaoxing Fangjie itanga imigozi ya 7/8″ (umugozi #2) na 1″ (umugozi #3) nk'imigozi ibiri ifite ingano nini mu bwoko bwa silinda yacu. Silinda ya 1-1/8″ (umugozi #4) ikoreshwa mu gutwara no kubaka amakamyo akomeye yo mu karere, naho silinda ya 1-1/4″ (umugozi #5) ikoreshwa mu gutwara no gucukura amato.
4. Ibintu 4 by'ingenzi ku buryo Pedal Feel ikoraIkirenge cya Diametre y'Imbobo
Uburyo pedali iteye - uko pedali iteye feri imera ku mushoferi mu gihe cyo gufunga feri bisanzwe n'igihe cy'impanuka - bigenwa n'ibintu 4 birenze umurambararo w'umugozi. Uburyo pedali iteye ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo umushoferi yemererwe neza kandi agire umutekano (uburyo pedali iteye bworoshye bushobora gutuma abashoferi batera feri ku buryo butari ngombwa, ibyo bigatuma feri irushaho kuba nziza mu modoka nyinshi zifite ABS).
| # | Igipimo cy'ibyiyumviro by'inyuma | Urugendo | Ingaruka ku kuntu Pedal Feel ikora | Ibisobanuro bya OEM |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Igipimo cy'amapedali | Kuva 3:1 kugeza 6:1 | Igipimo cyo hejuru = imbaraga nke z'ipedali ariko imbaraga nyinshi z'ipedali | Ingano isanzwe ya 4:1 ku bikoresho by'ikamyo |
| 2 | Ingano y'inyongera | Umwanya wa metero 7 kugeza kuri 11 | Inyongera nini = igipimo cyo kongera imbaraga = imbaraga nke zo guterura | 7-9″ ku makamyo yoroheje, 9-11″ ku makamyo aremereye |
| 3 | Uburebure bw'agakoresho k'imashini | mm 50-150 | Igikoresho kirekire cyo gukanda = hari uburyo bwo gukanda pedal bwinshi | Huza ikigereranyo cy'amapedali n'uburyo bwo gusimbuka butera imbaraga |
| 4 | Inguni y'umushumi | 0-15° | Inguni nini = imbaraga nyinshi z'ipedali zatakaye ku mutwaro wo ku ruhande | Komeza munsi ya 5° kugira ngo ugire ibyiyumvo byiza |
Ibintu bine by’ubwivumbure bikorana n’umurambararo w’inyuma kugira ngo bimenye imiterere rusange y’uburyo bwo gufunga feri. Uburyo bwo gufunga feri ni ubu bukurikira: (1) Igipimo cya pedal n’umurambararo w’inyuma bigena isano hagati y’imbaraga za pedal n’umuvuduko w’umurongo — igipimo cy’inyuma kinini gishobora kwishyura icyuho kinini kugira ngo imbaraga za pedal zikomeze kuba zimwe, ariko ku giciro cya pedal stroke ndende, (2) Ingano ya Booster n’umurambararo w’inyuma bigena isano hagati y’igipimo cya booster n’ubuso bwa piston — booster nini ishobora kwishyura icyuho kinini, ariko ku giciro cy’ikoreshwa ry’umwuka mwinshi no gutinda gusubiza, (3) Uburebure bwa Pushrod n’umurambararo w’inyuma bigena isano hagati y’urugendo rwa pedal na piston ya master cylinder — pushrod igomba kuba ndende bihagije kugira ngo yemerere piston ya master cylinder yose gufunga mu gihe cy’urugendo rwuzuye, (4) Inguni ya Pushrod igira ingaruka ku mutwaro wo ku ruhande rwa piston ya master cylinder, bishobora gutuma ipfundo ritagenda neza niba inguni ari nini cyane. Uburyo 4 bugomba kuringanizwa n’umuhanga mu by’ubwivumbure wa OEM mu gihe cyo guhuza imodoka.
Ikosa rikunze kugaragara cyane muri ibyo bintu bine ni ukudahuza ingano y'umuvuduko n'umurambararo w'umuvuduko. Umuvuduko wa santimetero 7 (igipimo cya 4:1) ukwiriye silindari za 7/8″ (umugongo #2), ariko ntuhagije kuri silindari za 1-1/8″ cyangwa 1-1/4″ (umugongo #4 na #5). Ingano y'umuvuduko w'ikamyo nini igomba kuba uburebure bwa santimetero 9-11 (igipimo cya 5-7:1) kugira ngo ihuze umurambararo munini w'umuvuduko w'umuvuduko. Umuvuduko w'umuvuduko ugomba kugaragaza ingano y'umuvuduko w'umuvuduko ukurikije umurambararo w'umuvuduko n'igipimo cya GVWR, ntabwo ukurikije ingano ya moteri cyangwa umwanya wa kabine.
5. Amakosa 5 Abakora ku modoka bakora iyo bapima Silinda Nkuru{}
| # | Ikosa | Ingaruka | Gusana |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Gukoresha umurambararo w'inyuma wa bore diameter kugira ngo ubone GVWR iri hejuru | Imbobo ntoya yananiwe gusuzuma neza feri ishyushye cyangwa ikonje ya ECE R13-H | Ongera upime ingano y'umurambararo w'agace ka SAE J1601 kagizwe n'imirongo 7; ongera upime ku burenganzira bwo kwemererwa n'ubwoko bwako |
| 2 | Gukoresha silindari imwe y'uruziga hejuru ya GVWR ya 3.5T | Ibura ibisabwa na ECE R13-H §5.2.1 mu miyoboro ibiri | Koresha silindari ya tandem master ifite uruziga rubiri kuri ECE R13-H §5.2.1 |
| 3 | Ingano y'umusemburo idahuye n'umurambararo w'umubyimba | Uburyo bworoshye bwo kumva pedali; ingufu nyinshi zikenewe; ibirego by'abashoferi | Huza ingano y'umusemburo n'umurambararo w'igitereko (Inyongera ya 7-9″ yo gukoresha agace ka 7/8″; Inyongera ya 9-11″ yo kongerera ubushobozi bwo gupima 1″+) |
| 4 | Gukoresha feri ya DOT 3 mu gukoresha amakamyo aremereye | Amazi ya feri abira mu gihe cy'impanuka ikomeye (gutwara imisozi, ikirere gishyushye) | Koresha feri ya DOT 4 (cyangwa DOT 5.1) ku ikamyo nini; sukura buri myaka 2 |
| 5 | Ntabwo hagaragajwe ibimenyetso bya EPDM byatanzwe kuri DOT 4 / DOT 5.1 | Gufunga kubyimba cyangwa kugabanuka hakoreshejwe amazi ya DOT 4 / DOT 5.1; gufunga kwangirika | Garagaza imitako ya EPDM ihuye neza na DOT 3, DOT 4, DOT 5.1 (Shaoxing Fangjie standard) |
Amakosa 5 yavuye mu bunararibonye bwacu bw'imyaka irenga 20 mu bufasha bw'abakiriya ba OEM ndetse no mu gutsindwa kw'ibizamini byo kwemerwa na ECE R13-H twabonye ku bakiriya bacu ba OEM. Ikosa rikunze kugaragara cyane ni #1 (dukoresheje umurambararo w'ubugari bw'imodoka ya kera), ari nabyo byateye inyigo ya OEM yo muri Turukiya mu gice cya 1. Amakosa 5 yose ashobora kwirindwa ukurikije matrix ya SAE J1601 7-band hamwe n'ibisabwa 6 by'ipiganwa mu gice gikurikira.
6. Uburyo bwo kugena diameter ya Master Cylinder Bore muri OEM Tender:Ibisabwa 6
Mu gihe ugena umurambararo wa silinda nini mu isoko ryo gukora ikamyo ya OEM (ku bijyanye no guteza imbere icyitegererezo cy'ikamyo nshya cyangwa gusimbuza imodoka nyuma y'isoko), shyiramo ibisabwa 6 mu bisobanuro by'isoko:
- Ibisobanuro by'umugozi wa GVWR— garagaza urwego rwa GVWR rw'ingenzi (urugero, 7.200 kg, cyangwa 7.200-8.500 kg ku rugero rw'icyitegererezo). Umugozi wa GVWR ugena umurambararo w'umugozi kuri matrix ya SAE J1601 7-band.
- Ibipimo by'umurambararo w'agace k'imbere— garagaza umurambararo w'umuyoboro muri santimetero cyangwa mm (urugero, 7/8″ cyangwa 22.2 mm). Garagaza ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira (± 0.05 mm bisanzwe) n'irangira ry'ubuso (Ra 0.4 μm bisanzwe).
- Iyubahirizwa rya ECE R13-H— bisaba ko umutanga serivisi atanga inyandiko zemeza ubwoko bwa ECE R13-H harimo na raporo y'ikizamini iturutse ku rwego rw'ubumwe bw'ibihugu by'Uburayi rwemeza ubwoko bwacyo. Raporo y'ikizamini igomba kuba ikubiyemo indishyi za §5.2.1.5 zo kwangirika, §5.2.2.5 zo gukoresha feri mu gihe cy'ubukonje, hamwe n'ubushyuhe bwa §5.2.2.6.
- Imiterere y'urusobe rw'amashanyarazi rubiri— Ku binyabiziga biri hejuru ya 3.5T GVWR, garagaza silinda ya tandem master ifite umurongo ugororotse (imbere ibumoso + inyuma iburyo kuri circuit ya 1, imbere iburyo + inyuma ibumoso kuri circuit ya 2). Garagaza uburebure bwa piston y'ibanze n'iya kabiri (ubusanzwe uburebure bumwe kuri tandem).
- Guhuza neza n'amazi yo gufunga feri— garagaza imitako ya EPDM ihuye neza na DOT 3, DOT 4, na DOT 5.1 feri y'amazi kuri SAE J1703 / FMVSS 116 / ISO 4925. Garagaza amazi yuzuzwa n'uruganda (ubusanzwe DOT 4 ku ikamyo iremereye).
- Icyemezo cy'ubuziranenge bwa sisitemu— bisaba icyemezo cya ISO 9001:2015 gitangwa n'umucuruzi, hamwe n'igenzura ry'imikorere y'umusaruro ryanditse (ubusanzwe ni ugutunganya CNC mu gice cy'umuyoboro wa silindiri + guteranya byihuse ibifunga + isuzuma ry'umuvuduko w'icyuma cyateranijwe).
Ibisabwa 6 bishobora guturuka ku ireme ry'isosiyete iyo ari yo yose ya OEMcylinder ya clutch masterumutanga serivisi wujuje ibisabwa byose byo kwemererwa n'ubwoko bw'amakamyo yo mu Burayi. Shaoxing Fangjie Auto Accessory Co., Ltd. itanga ibisabwa byose 6 mu gisubizo cyacu gisanzwe cyo gutanga, hamwe no gutanga mu minsi 10-15 ku mpande zombi z'imodoka (7/8″, 1″, 1-1/8″) n'iminsi 30-45 ku mpande zombi z'imodoka zihariye.
7. Silindari Nkuru y'intoki vs Dual-Circuit: Iyo buri imwe ikenewe kuri ECE R13-H
Icyemezo cy'umuzingo wa silinda y'intoki ugereranije n'iy'imizingo ibiri kigenwa n'ibisabwa na ECE R13-H §5.2.1: imodoka zose ziri hejuru ya 3.5T GVWR (ibyiciro N2, N3, M2, M3) zifite sisitemu ya hydraulic feri zigomba gukoresha silinda y'imizingo ibiri. Icyemezo kuri buri cyiciro cy'imodoka ni iki:
| Icyiciro cy'ibinyabiziga | Urubuga rwa GVWR | Ubwoko bwa Silinda Nkuru | Ishingiro rya ECE R13-H |
|---|---|---|---|
| M1 (imodoka zitwara abagenzi) | Munsi ya 3.5T | Imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi abiri (zisabwa kuva mu 1968) | ECE R13-H §5.2.1 |
| N1 (ubucuruzi bworoheje) | Munsi ya 3.5T | Imiyoboro ibiri (irakenewe) | ECE R13-H §5.2.1 |
| M2 (bisi nto) | 3.5T-5T | Imiyoboro ibiri (irakenewe) | ECE R13-H §5.2.1 |
| N2 (amakamyo aciriritse) | 3.5T-12T | Imiyoboro ibiri (irakenewe) | ECE R13-H §5.2.1 |
| M3 (bisi nini) | Hejuru ya 5T | Imiyoboro ibiri (irakenewe) | ECE R13-H §5.2.1 |
| N3 (amakamyo aremereye) | Hejuru ya 12T | Imiyoboro ibiri (irakenewe) | ECE R13-H §5.2.1 |
Mu by’ukuri, silindari ya master ifite umurongo umwe (ikoresha intoki) ntabwo ikoreshwa mu buryo bugezweho mu makamyo na bisi zigezweho zirenga 3.5T GVWR. Silindari ya master ifite umurongo umwe ishobora kuboneka muri ibi bikurikira: (1) amakamyo ashaje cyane (mbere ya 1990) ataravugururwa, (2) imodoka zimwe na zimwe zidasanzwe zo mu muhanda munini (urugero, amakamyo yo gucukura amabuye y’agaciro, traktori zo ku cyambu) zikoresha sisitemu ya hydraulic cyangwa pneumatic gusa, (3) imodoka zimwe na zimwe za gisirikare zikoresha sisitemu zitandukanye zo gutandukanya imbere n’inyuma. Ku ikamyo zose za OEM zikora hejuru ya 3.5T GVWR muri 2026, silindari ya master ifite umurongo umwe ni itegeko.
Gutandukanya hagati y’imodoka (imbere-ibumoso + inyuma-iburyo kuri circuit ya 1, imbere-iburyo + inyuma-ibumoso kuri circuit ya 2) ni bwo buryo busanzwe bwo guhuza imikorere y’imodoka ebyiri kuko butanga feri iringaniye ku mpande zombi z’ikinyabiziga iyo circuit imwe inaniwe. Gutandukanya hagati y’imbere n’inyuma (uruziga rw’imbere + inyuma) ntabwo bikunze kugaragara mu mamodoka agezweho kuko butanga feri ya 70-80% ku mapine y’imbere iyo uruziga rw’inyuma runaniwe, ariko feri ya 20-30% gusa iyo uruziga rw’inyuma runaniwe (kuko imbaraga nyinshi zo gufunga ziba ku mapine y’imbere). Gutandukanya hagati y’imodoka ni uburyo dutanga nk’ibisanzwe kuri silinda zacu nkuru, ariko dushobora no gutanga imiterere y’impande z’inyuma iyo tubisabye abakiriya ba OEM bafite ibisabwa byihariye mu miterere.
8. Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa: Ibibazo 6 Bijyanye n'Ubunini bwa Silinda ya Brake Master
Q1: Ni ubuhe bunini bw'umurambararo bwa toni 7 bw'ikamyo yoroheje ya toni 7 bukwiye gukoreshwa?
Ikamyo yoroheje ya toni 7 (GVWR 6.000-8.500 kg) igomba gukoresha silinda ya master diameter ya santimetero 22.2 (22.2 mm) kuri buri murongo ngenderwaho wa SAE J1601. Ikamyo yoroheje ya santimetero 7 niyo isanzwe ku makamyo yoroheje kandi ijyanye na servo zisanzwe za 7-9 zo gukamura amashanyarazi hamwe na sisitemu ya hydraulic ya circuit imwe cyangwa ebyiri. Ikamyo yoroheje ya santimetero 7/8 itanga ubuso bwa piston bwa 0.387 in² (250 mm²) butanga umuvuduko wa psi 1.000-1.200 (70-85 bar) ku ngufu za pedal za 250-300 N hamwe na booster ya santimetero 7. Ku makamyo ya toni 7, ikarame ya santimetero 7/8 yemezwa n'isuzuma rya ECE R13-H rijyanye no gupima feri ikonje kandi ishyushye. Shaoxing Fangjie Auto Accessory Co., Ltd. itanga silindari nini za santimetero 7/8 zifite aho zibohera aluminiyumu nziza ya OEM hamwe n'ibipfukisho bya EPDM bifite amanota ya DOT 3, DOT 4, na DOT 5.1 feri.
Q2: Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya silinda ya feri ya breki ikoresha intoki n'iya feri ifite amashami abiri?
Itandukaniro riri hagati ya silinda ya feri ikoresha intoki n'iya dual-circuit ni: (1) Silinda ya feri ikoresha intoki (single-circuit) — ifite piston imwe n'uruziga rumwe rwa hydraulic; iyo uruziga runaniwe, feri zose zirabura. Silinda ya feri imwe ikoreshwa gusa ku modoka zoroshye ziri munsi ya 3.5T GVWR (imodoka z'abagenzi, imodoka nto, amakamyo yoroheje) kandi ahanini zirashaje mu makamyo agezweho bitewe n'amabwiriza y'umutekano. (2) Silinda ya feri ifite dual-circuit (tandem) — ifite piston ebyiri zikurikiranye n'uruziga ebyiri zigenga za hydraulic (ubusanzwe zitandukanya hagati y'imbere n'ibumoso + inyuma n'iburyo kuri circuit ya 1, imbere n'iburyo + inyuma n'ibumoso kuri circuit ya 2). Iyo uruziga rumwe runaniwe, urundi ruziga ruracyatanga hafi 50-60% by'uruziga ku zindi. Silinda ya feri ifite dual-circuit isabwa na ECE R13-H §5.2.1 ku modoka zose ziri hejuru ya 3.5T GVWR (N2, N3, M2, M3) no ku modoka zose zifite feri ya hydraulic. (3) Ku bijyanye n'imodoka zikoresha amakamyo ya OEM hejuru ya 3.5T GVWR, silindari nini zikoresha amashanyarazi ni ngombwa. Imiterere ya diagonal split ni yo ikunze gukoreshwa cyane, ariko zimwe muri OEM zikoresha front-back split (front circuit + rear circuit) itanga feri ya 70-80% ku mapine y'imbere iyo circuit y'inyuma inaniwe, cyangwa se ibinyuranye n'ibyo.
Q3: Ese nshobora gukoresha silinda nini ya bore master kugira ngo mbone imbaraga zo gufunga feri?
Oya, ntushobora gukoresha gusa silinda nini ya bore master kugira ngo ubone imbaraga nyinshi zo gufunga kuko sisitemu ya feri ni sisitemu ifunze ya hydraulic ifite uburinganire bw'umuvuduko. Isano ni: Umuvuduko = Imbaraga za Pedal / (Agace k'Imbogo × Igipimo cya Pedal × Igipimo cya Booster). Silinda nini ya bore master isaba imbaraga nyinshi za pedal kugira ngo ikore umuvuduko umwe kuko imbaraga zimwe za pedal zikwirakwizwa ku gace ka piston nini. By'umwihariko, gukuba kabiri umurambararo wa bore bikubye inshuro enye agace ka piston, bivuze ko imbaraga za pedal zigomba kugwiza inshuro enye kugira ngo ikore umuvuduko umwe. Urugero, kuva kuri bore ya santimetero 7/8 (ahantu 0.60 in²) ukagera kuri bore ya santimetero 1 (ahantu 0.79 in²) bisaba imbaraga nyinshi za pedal kugira ngo ikore umuvuduko umwe. Ingaruka zifatika z'imbogo nini ni: (1) umuvuduko muto w'umurongo ku mbaraga zimwe za pedal, (2) kwimura amazi ya feri kuri pedal stroke (bivuze ko pedal stroke ndende kuri caliper piston imwe), (3) kumva pedal yoroshye. Ingaruka 3 akenshi ntizifuzwa mu ikoreshwa ry'ikamyo aho abashoferi biteze kumva pedal ikomeye kandi bagasubiza vuba. Uburyo bwiza ni ugupima imbobo ukurikije GVWR kuri SAE J1601, ntabwo ari ukugabanya imbobo ugereranyije n'ingano yayo.
Q4: Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'amazi ya feri nkwiye gukoresha kuri silinda yanjye nkuru?
Ibipimo by'amazi ya feri kuri silinda nkuru biterwa n'ibikoresho byo gufunga n'ubushyuhe bw'imikorere. Ibipimo 3 bisanzwe by'amazi ya feri kuri SAE J1703 / FMVSS 116 / ISO 4925 ni ibi bikurikira: (1) DOT 3 (ishingiye kuri glycol-ether) — nibura ubushyuhe bwumutse 205°C, nibura ubushyuhe bwumutse 140°C; ijyanye na EPDM n'udupfundikizo twa kera twa rubber; ikwiriye imodoka zoroheje z'ubucuruzi zifite ubushyuhe bwumutse, (2) DOT 4 (ishingiye kuri glycol-ether-borate) — nibura ubushyuhe bwumutse 230°C, nibura ubushyuhe bwumutse 155°C; ijyanye na EPDM seal; ikwiriye imodoka ziremereye z'ubucuruzi zifite ubushyuhe bwumutse feri harimo n'amakamyo ari hejuru ya 12T GVWR, (3) DOT 5.1 (ishingiye kuri glycol-ether-borate) — nibura ubushyuhe bwumutse 260°C, nibura ubushyuhe bwumutse 180°C; ijyanye na EPDM seal; ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu modoka zikora neza kandi zikomeye harimo amakamyo yo gusiganwa n'imodoka za gisirikare. DOT 5 (ishingiye kuri silicone) NTABWO ihuye n'amazi ashingiye kuri glycol kandi ntigomba kuvangwa. Kuri silindiri za Shaoxing Fangjie master, ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gufunga ni EPDM bihuye na DOT 3, DOT 4, na DOT 5.1. Ubusanzwe ibikoresho byo mu ruganda bikoreshwa na OEM ni DOT 4 ku modoka ziremereye.
Q5: Nigute nakemura ikibazo cy'ipedali yoroshye yo gufunga feri mu ikamyo?
Ipine yoroshye yo gufunga feri mu ikamyo ishobora guterwa naIbibazo 7, itondekwa hakurikijwe inshuro: (1) Umwotsi uri muri sisitemu ya feri (ikunze kugaragara cyane) — isohoka ry’amaraso muri sisitemu ya feri hakurikijwe uburyo bwa OEM, akenshi itangirira ku ruziga ruri kure cyane uvuye kuri silinda nkuru hanyuma igakora ku ruhande rwegereye, (2) Isefa y’imbere ya silinda nkuru — ifu y’ibanze cyangwa iya kabiri yangiritse cyangwa yangiritse, bigatuma amazi anyura kuri piston; simbuza silinda nkuru, (3) Ifu y’amazi ya feri — genzura imirongo yose ya feri, calipers, silinda z’amapine, n’umubiri wa silinda nkuru niba amazi yavuye; kosora cyangwa usimbuze uko bikenewe, (4) Kwaguka k’umuyoboro wa feri — imiyoboro ya feri ya rubber yangiritse imbere kandi yaguka iyo ishyushye, bigatuma ihinduka nk’iy’umuvuduko; simbuza imiyoboro ya feri (ubusanzwe buri myaka 4-6 cyangwa kilometero 200.000-300.000), (5) Isefa y’umuvuduko — ifu y’umuvuduko idatanga ingufu zihagije, isaba imbaraga nyinshi za pedal kugira ngo ikore umuvuduko umwe; genzura umurongo wa feri y’umuvuduko, genzura valve, na diaphragm y’umuvuduko; simbura icyuma gikomeza umuvuduko niba bikenewe, (6) Isefa y’umuvuduko wa piston ngufi — ifu y’umuvuduko wa piston ngufi irangiritse, ituma amazi anyura; vugurura cyangwa usimbuze caliper, (7) Imbobo ya silinda ikora nabi — imbobo ni nini cyane kuri GVWR, bigatuma ikora neza bitewe n'umuvuduko wo hasi w'umurongo; genzura neza umurambararo w'imbobo hakurikijwe amabwiriza ya SAE J1601. Ibibazo 7 bigomba gusuzumwa mu buryo bwanditse, hanyuma ikikunze kugaragara cyane kandi gihendutse cyane (kuva amaraso mu mwuka) kigakemurwa mbere na mbere.
Q6: Ni iyihe ntera isanzwe yo gusimbuza silinda nini ku ikamyo y'ubucuruzi?
Igihe gisanzwe cyo gusimbuza silinda y'ingenzi ku ikamyo y'ubucuruzi ni imyaka 5-8 cyangwa kilometero 400.000-600.000, icyo ari cyo cyose kiza mbere, mu mikorere isanzwe. Igihe cyo gusimbuza kigenwa n'ibintu 3: (1) Kwangirika kw'ipfundikizo ry'imbere - kwangirika kw'ipfundikizo ry'ibanze n'ipfundikizo ry ...Igare rya feri rya miliyoni 2-3, bihuye n'imyaka 5-8 y'akazi gasanzwe k'ikamyo y'ubucuruzi, (2) Kwanduzwa n'amazi ya feri — uko igihe kigenda gihita, amazi ya feri akura ubushuhe mu kirere (DOT 3/4/5.1 fluids ni hygroscopic), bigabanya ubushyuhe kandi bikihutisha ingese imbere; amazi ya feri agomba gukurwaho amazi agasimburwa buri myaka 2 hatitawe ku mimerere ya silinda nkuru, (3) Kwangirika kwa silinda ngufi — icyuma cya aluminiyumu gitangira kwangirika buhoro buhoro bitewe n'ingendo za piston, cyane cyane iyo amazi ya feri yanduye cyangwa niba seal zangiritse; kwangirika kwa silinda ngufi hejuru ya mm 0.05 (0.002 santimetero) akenshi bisaba gusimburwa na silinda nkuru. Shaoxing Fangjie Auto Accessory Co., Ltd. ikora silinda nkuru ifite icyuma cya aluminiyumu gikomeye (ubuso bukozwe mu anodized) hamwe n'ibirango bya EPDM byagenwe kuriIgare rya feri rya miliyoni 2-3Turasaba ko amakamyo akoresha feri mu gihe cy'imyaka 5 / kilometero 400.000 asimbura amakamyo akoresha feri mu bihe bikomeye (gufata feri nyinshi, imisozi miremire, ikirere gishyushye). Ku makamyo yoroheje mu bihe byoroheje, igihe cyo gusimbuza gishobora kugera ku myaka 8 / kilometero 600.000.
Ibyerekeye Umwanditsi
Ndi Elian Zhou, Umuyobozi ushinzwe kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga muri Shaoxing Fangjie Auto Accessory Co., Ltd., ikigo gikora ibikoresho bya feri z'amakamyo gifite uburambe bw'imyaka irenga 20 mu gukora feri za OEM kuva mu 2003. Nkorera i Shaoxing, muri Zhejiang, nkorana buri munsi n'abakozi bacu barenga 100 n'itsinda ry'abacuruzi b'amahanga ry'abantu 10 kugira ngo ntange ibikoresho byo gupima feri, ibikoresho byo gupima feri, valve za solenoid, n'ibyumba byo gupima feri ku bacuruzi ba nyuma y'isoko hirya no hino mu Burayi, muri Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba, no mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati. Nkunda gusura uruganda nkasangiza abandi ibitekerezo ku mikorere y'umusaruro - kuva ku guteranya ibikoresho byo gupima feri byikora kugeza ku gutunganya ibikoresho bya CNC - kuri chaneli yanjye ya YouTube:@ ElianZhou-y6q4i.
Kubijyanye n'ibipimo bya OEM ku ma-celinder ya feri cyangwa gusaba ibyangombwa byo kubahiriza amategeko ya ECE R13-H ku modoka yawe ya GVWR, sura urubuga rwacu.cylinder ya clutch masterurupapuro rw'ibicuruzwa. Twandikire kuriYouTubeamashusho y'uburyo bwo gukora akubiyemo uburyo bwo gutunganya imiyoboro ya caliper ya CNC n'uburyo bwo guteranya silinda nini.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-14-2026