Icyumba cya Spring Brake vs Double Diaphragm: Imiterere n'Imikorere

Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro rya mekanike hagati y'icyumba cyo gufunga feri cya Spring na sisitemu ya Diaphragm ebyiri ni ingenzi kugira ngo habungabungwe umutekano n'imikorere myiza ya sisitemu zo gufunga feri z'imodoka zikomeye. Iyi mfashanyigisho ya tekiniki isuzuma imiterere yihariye y'imiterere n'inshingano z'ibi bice mu gice cyo gufunga feri gikoresha umwuka, itanga ubumenyi bw'umwuga ku rwego rwo gusana nyuma y'isoko.

Gusobanura Icyumba cy'impeshyi cya Feri na Diaphragm ebyiri

Icyumba cya Spring feri ni icyuma gikoresha imbaraga ebyiri gikoreshwa ku mirongo y'inyuma y'amakamyo na za trailer kugira ngo gitange serivisi zo gufunga no gufunga byihutirwa/guhagarika imodoka. Mu miterere, "Double Diaphragm" yerekeza ku miterere yihariye y'icyumba cya spring feri, aho diaphragm ebyiri zitandukanye zicunga ibyumba bitandukanye by'umuvuduko w'umwuka.

Mu mvugo y'ibinyabiziga by'ubucuruzi,Icyumba cyo gufunga feri mu mpeshyiakenshi yerekeza ku gice cyose, mu gihe "Double Diaphragm" ivuga imiterere yayo y'imbere mu mashini. Izi mashini ni ingenzi mu mikorere "itarangirira ku ntege nke", kuko zikoresha isoko ikomeye y'imbere mu gufunga feri mu gihe umwuka utakaye, bigatuma imodoka iguma ihagaze.

Imiterere y'imiterere ...

Imiterere y'icyumba cya feri cya freak ebyiri gigezweho kigabanyijemo ibice bibiri by'ingenzi: icyumba cya serivisi n'icyumba cy'ubutabazi bwihutirwa (spring). Icyumba cya serivisi, kiri hafi cyane y'icyumba cya freakUmuhuza wa Slack, irimo diaphragm ya mbere isubiza iyo pedali ikoreshejwe.

Igice cy'inyuma, kizwi nka "piggyback" cyangwa uruhande rw'ubutabazi bwihutirwa, kibamo isoko y'ubukonje iremereye hamwe na diaphragm ya kabiri. Iyi diaphragm ya kabiri ikora nk'uruzitiro rufata isoko mu buryo bufunze hakoreshejwe umuvuduko w'umwuka. Dukurikije amahame ngenderwaho y'inganda nka SAE J1469, ibi bice bigomba kwihanganira imihindagurikire y'umuvuduko ukabije ndetse n'ingufu z'ibidukikije kugira ngo byemerwe neza mu murima.

Imbonerahamwe ya 1: Igereranya ry'ibice by'imiterere

Imikorere: Imikorere n'Iterambere ry'Umwotsi

Imikorere y'icyumba cyo gufunga feri gishingiye ku micungire igenzurwa y'umwuka ufunze. Mu gihe cyo gutwara imodoka bisanzwe, umuvuduko w'umwuka ugera ku cyambu cy'ubutabazi, ugasunika kuri diaphragm ya kabiri kugira ngo ugabanye "imashini y'amashanyarazi", irekura feri.

Iyo umushoferi afashe pedali ya feri, umwuka winjira mu mwanya wa serivisi, ugashyiramo umwuka mu cyumba cy’ubuyobozi. Iyi mbaraga ijyana umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi kugira ngo uzengurukeImashini Ihindura Slack mu buryo bwikora, hanyuma igakanda kuriPaderi ya feriku ngoma cyangwa disiki. Iyi mikorere ibiri ni yo isobanura uburyo bwo gukora bwa "double diaphragm" mu bikorwa bikomeye byo muri iki gihe.

Itandukaniro ry'ingenzi hagati y'ibice bya Diaphragm imwe n'ibiri

Nubwo icyumba gisanzwe gikoresha diaphragm imwe, icyumba cya Spring Brake hafi ya byose kiba gifite diaphragm ebyiri. Icyumba kimwe gikoresha diaphragm gusa ni icyo gukoresha feri (ubusanzwe kiboneka ku migozi y'imbere), mu gihe icyumba cya diaphragm ebyiri gitanga imbaraga za mekanike zikenewe mu guparika.

Amakuru aturuka mu Ishyirahamwe ry’Abashinzwe Kubungabunga Ibinyabiziga by’Ubucuruzi (CVSA) agaragaza ko kudafata neza diaphragm ya kabiri mu byumba bibiri ari yo mpamvu nyamukuru ituma igenzura ry’umuhanda ritagenda neza. Iyo diaphragm ya kabiri iva, isoko y’amashanyarazi ishobora gufunga igice, bigatera gukurura feri, gushyuha cyane, ndetse n’inkongi z’umuriro zishobora guterwa n’amapine.

Imbonerahamwe ya 2: Igereranya ry'Imikorere: Diaphragm imwe ugereranyije na Double

Uruhare rw'imashini itanga umuriro w'amashanyarazi mu mutekano w'impanuka

"Impeshyi" mu cyumba cya feri ya Spring ni uruziga runini rushobora gukoresha imbaraga ibihumbi by'ibiro. Mu buryo bwa diyafroni ebyiri, umuvuduko w'umwuka ukora kuri diyafroni ya kabiri ni wo mbaraga zonyine zituma iyi mpeshyi isubira inyuma.

Iyo akamashini gafunguye cyangwa kompreseri y'umwuka ipfuye, umuvuduko w'umwuka uragabanuka, kandi isoko rihita rikura. Iyi "porogaramu y'ubutabazi bwihutirwa" ni itegeko riteganywa n'amategeko agenga FMVSS 121 muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n'amabwiriza asa nayo ku isi yose. Abatekinisiye bagomba gukoresha "agasanduku k'icyuma" kugira ngo bagakandagire muri iyi soko mbere yo gusana kuriKaliferi ya fericyangwa icyumba ubwacyo.

Ibipimo ngenderwaho byo guhitamo igihe cyo gusimbuza nyuma y'isoko

Guhitamo icyumba gikwiye biterwa n'inyito ya "Ubwoko", yerekeza ku gice cy'ingenzi cya diaphragm muri santimetero kare. Ingano zisanzwe ku makamyo aremereye zirimo Ubwoko bwa 24/30 na Ubwoko bwa 30/30.

Mu gusimbuza ibice, ni ngombwa guhuza uburebure bw'imitsi (isanzwe ugereranije n'uburebure bw'imitsi). Inzu ndende zikunze kugaragazwa n'abayobozi b'imitsi bafite ishusho kare cyangwa amatagi yihariye. Gukoresha uburyo bwo gusimbuza ibiceValve ya SolenoidKugerageza igihe cy'ikimenyetso cy'umwuka bireba ko icyuma gishya cya diaphragm ebyiri gikora mu rugero rwa milisegonda yagenwe na OEM.

Imbonerahamwe ya 3: Urutonde rw'ibipimo byo guhitamo amakipe yo kubungabunga

Uburyo bwiza bwo kubungabunga ubuzima burambye

Kwizerwa muri sisitemu ya diaphragm ebyiri biterwa n'ubuziranenge bw'udupfundikizo twa rubber hamwe n'uburyo impera y'imbere irindwa ubushuhe. Ingese ni umwanzi w'ibanze w'icyumba cy'iferi cy'impera, akenshi biganisha ku "masoko yamenetse" ashobora gutobora diaphragm cyangwa gufunga umugozi.

Guhora usohora amazi mu bigega by'umwuka kugira ngo ukureho ubushuhe no kugenzura inkweto z'umukungugu ziri kuSilindari ya Feri y'amapineAgace gashobora kongera igihe cyo gukora kw'izi modoka. Nk'uko Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems ibivuga, ibyumba bya feri zikoreshwa mu mwuka bigomba kugenzurwa niba nta mazi yavuyemo cyangwa hari aho byangiritse mu buryo busanzwe kuri buri gihe cyo guhindura peteroli cyangwa buri kilometero 10.000 kugira ngo harebwe ko imikorere yabyo ikora neza cyane.

Umwanzuro: Guhuza Umutekano n'Imikorere

Icyumba cy’imodoka gikoresha feri ya Spring, binyuze mu miterere yacyo ya diaphragm ebyiri, gikomeje kuba uburyo bwizewe cyane bwo kurinda imodoka ziremereye. Mu gutandukanya feri ya serivisi n’aho imodoka zihagarara mu buryo bwihutirwa mu bice bibiri bitandukanye by’imbere, injeniyeri zashyizeho uburyo bushyira imbere umutekano nubwo haba hari ikibazo cy’umwuka cyangiritse. Ku bakoresha indege n’amaduka asanwa, gusobanukirwa izi ngingo z’imiterere y’imodoka ni ingenzi mu kubungabunga indege z’ubucuruzi zikurikiza amategeko kandi zifite umutekano.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Q1: Namenya nte ko diaphragm y'igice cyanjye cya feri kirimo kuva?

Gusohoka kw'agace k'inyuma k'inyuma akenshi bigaragazwa n'umwuka uhora uturuka ku cyambu cy'imyotsi cya valve igenzura umuhanda cyangwa valve irekura vuba iyo feri yo guparika irekuwe. Ibi bigaragaza ko umwuka unyura ku gice cy'inyuma cy'inyuma ukagera ku ruhande rw'imashini cyangwa mu kirere.

Q2: Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y'icyumba cya 30/30 n'icyumba cya 24/30?

Imibare igaragaza ubuso bwa santimetero kare za diaphragm; ubwoko bwa 30/30 bufite santimetero kare 30 haba ku gice cya serivisi ndetse n'igice cy'impeshyi, mu gihe 24/30 ikoresha santimetero kare kare 24, itanga imbaraga nke za serivisi ariko igakomeza guhagarara neza.

Q3: Ese ni byiza gusenya icyumba cya feri y'impeshyi kugira ngo usimbuze diaphragm imwe?

Oya, ntugomba na rimwe kugerageza gufungura "ubutabazi bwihutirwa" cyangwa uruhande rw'impeshyi rw'icyumba kuko ipenyu ry'amashanyarazi menshi rishobora gutera imvune zica. Abatekinisiye bagomba gusimbuza gusa diaphragm yo ku ruhande rw'akazi cyangwa gushyiraho "piggyback" nshya cyangwa guteranya.

Q4: Kuki hari ibyumba bimwe bifite inzira z'indege kare aho kugira iz'uruziga?

Abayobozi b’ikibuga cy’indege gifite ishusho ya kare ni bo bagaragaza imiterere y’ibice by’igare bya “Long Stroke”. Ibi bice bituma habaho ingendo nyinshi mbere yuko feri itakaza ubushobozi, ibyo bikaba ari ingenzi mu mutekano mu buryo bugezweho bwo gufunga feri.

Q5: Ni kangahe diaphragm ziri mu gice cy’imashini ebyiri zigomba gusimburwa?

Nubwo nta itariki ntarengwa irangiriraho, impuguke mu nganda zisaba gusimbuza diaphragm cyangwa icyumba cyose buri myaka 3 kugeza kuri 5, bitewe n’uko ibidukikije byangiritse. Imiterere mibi nk’umunyu wo mu muhanda n’ihindagurika ry’ubushyuhe rikabije bishobora kwihutisha kwangirika kw’ibikoresho bya kabutike.